. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Light vertebral stripe absent; light dorsal body spots or blotches usually present; distinctive, 3a. . . . . . Pale ventrolateral body stripe present; 28 black longitudinal dorsal stripes present (minimal-. . . . . 13A). . 390 pp., 258 figs. . . . . . . . . . . As an initial survey, we use mitochondrial sequence data to define the broad-scale geographic structure of genetic diversity across a significant portion of the reticulated pythons native range. . . . . . . . . Frontal scale and parietal scales more or less fragmented (Fig. . . . . . . . . 14, tables 12. nigrotaeniatus Peters, 1863. . . Together with all publicly available historical information from biodiversity repositories, we present new data from several major herpetological surveys, including recently conducted inventories on four major mountains of northeast Mindanao, and adjacent islands of Camiguin Sur, Dinagat, and Siargao. . . . . . . . . . . . . Preocular scales (green), nasal scales (blue), loreal scale (reddish brown). 3, . Adams, Ilocos Norte Province, Luzon Island, Municipality of Pasonanca, Zamboanga del Sur, Mt. . . . . . . . . 3, (KU 327218). . Some scales on head strongly keeled (Fig. . . . . Posterior border of parietal scales notched (Fig. . . 8A); number of loreal scales + preocular scales 4; supralabial, scales do not border eye (Fig. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . One of the following combinations of characters true: (1) dorsal body scales in 13 longitudinal, rows at midbody, vertebral scales similar in size to other dorsal body scales; (2) dorsal body, scales in 15 longitudinal rows at midbody, vertebral scales much lar, scales, and a black postocular stripe present, (KU 328516). . Some recent publications regarded three of these taxa (C. i. bilineatus, C. i. philippinus, and C. i. suluensis) as full species (Leviton et al., 2014;Brown et al., 2018; We chose these biogeographic units because most Boiga species or subspecies are endemic to a single one of these areas. . . . . . . . . . . Any of the scales along the lower lip of the mouth behind the mental scale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . One anterior temporal scale (Fig. . 1993). . . . On the other hand, for some species, we do provide geographical information to supplement character information, if we considered, species range to be particularly useful for the purpose of identification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . As an important economic natural resource in Southeast Asia, reticulated pythons (Malayopython reticulatus ssp.) . . . . . . . . . 30, . . . . . 2a. . . . . . . . 1b. . . Makiling, Laguna Province, Luzon Island, Barangay Maddiangat, Mt. . . . , ser. . 7), 6a. . . . . The systematics and evolution of the Oriental snake genus, 1966. . . . 4b. . (tail) end of the body compared to another structure. . . . . . . Mental scale not in contact with anterior chin shields (Fig. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012, . . . (c) budak, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC) 3. . ty of Pandan, Antique Province, Panay Island, Dumaguete, Negros Oriental Province, Negros. . . With snakes, people generally do not use the word 'poisonous'. . . . Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. The front part of the spider is an orangey brown colour and the back part is brown. . . . . . Having or bearing papillae, or nipple-shaped protuberances. . . . . . . It is our hope that these biodiversity information products will serve as resources that may pro-, mote the scientific communitys understanding and the lay public, fauna, less than 15% of the species, are dangerously venomous, we hope that this key, taken with, our earlier checklist with its numerous photo illustrations of the countrys living snakes (Leviton et, al. . . . . . . . . The majority (86%) of the respondents favored the conservation of the taxa, despite the perceived fear (81%) and dislike for snakes (83%). . A, duced and modified with permission of A. W, 8b. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . This person is not on ResearchGate, or hasn't claimed this research yet. Head laterally compressed (Fig. . . . . . . . . . . . Taylor (1917, 1918, 1919, 1922ac, 1923, 1925, 1963), Leviton (1957, 1963, 1964ad, 1965ac, 1967, 1968, 1970ac, 1979, 1983), Inger and Marx (1965), Leviton et al. . . . . . . . within and outside of the Philippines, we prioritized illustrations of Philippine specimens (Table 1). . . . We show that sea snake body shape and size are strongly correlated with the proportion of burrowing prey in the diet. . . . 7, (PNM 9813; a redrafting by EH of original image in W. s (KU 330021): labial and rostral heat sensing pits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contributions to a review of Philippine snakes, VII. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . It could be accounted for the fact that 5 of the species in the survey were not presently recorded in the Caraga region. . . . . . Specialist predators of burrowing eels have convergently evolved a microcephalic morphotype with dramatically reduced forebody relative to hindbody girth and intermediate body length. . . . . . . . . . Figs. . . . . . . . . . . . 43C); each scale of first. . . . . . Inampulugan Island, Municipality of Sibunag, Isabela Province, Luzon Island, Philippines, Quezon, Nueva Vizcaya Province, Luzon Island, Philippines, del Sur Province, Mindanao Island, Philippines, Sorsogon Province, Luzon Island, Philippines, Zamboanga del Sur Province, Mindanao Island, Philippines, Leyte Province, Leyte Island, Philippines. We report for the first time the herpetological biodiversity (amphibians and reptiles) of the Caramoan Island Group (CIG), Maqueda Channel, southern Luzon Island, the Philippines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and Natural Resources, which granted all research permissions (Memoranda of Understanding, BMBKU), annually-renewed specimen collection permits (Gratuitous Permits to Collect Biolog-, ical Specimens), and export permits (CITES and non-CITES), necessary for this and related stud-. . . . Conclusion: . The students perception also demonstrated considerable awareness with regards to the ecological role of snakes. . . . . . Any of the scales on the dorsal surface of the head situated immediately anteri-. Length of contact between loreal scale and second supralabial scale similar to length of contact, between loreal scale and postnasal scale (Fig. . . . . . KU 310368); (D) body and tail length measurements of snakes; (EG) scales of the head of most blindsnakes (, acters included in the dichotomous key to those that can be easily observed (scored) by examining, live or preserved specimens without dissection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Philippine Archipelago, with major landmasses labeled. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heat sensing pits present on the head (Fig. . . . . . . . . . , which has not previously been reported from the Philippines, because, ) recognized by earlier authors (Taylor 1922a, 1923; Leviton et al. . Adult dorsal color pattern uniform (lacking pale crossbands); number of ventral body scales +, 2b. 43A), 2b. . 1a. Dorsal body scales in < 350 transverse rows between head and tail, 1a. . . . . Following the definition used by Dowling (1951): any of the scales on the, Any of the dorsal body scales located on the middorsal line of the body. . . . . . Lihidan, Barangay Duyong, Municipali-. . . . . . . . . . . . W, imens in the KU Biodiversity Institute wet lab. It tends to dwell in forested areas, preferring to perch in trees where its brilliant green color acts as camouflage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Little is known about the actual geographic point-of-harvest of snakes, how genetic diversity is partitioned across the species range, how current harvest levels may affect the genetic viability of populations, and whether genetic structure could (or should) be accounted for when managing harvest quotas. Naja philippinensis This snake is found as the name implies in the northern part of the Philippines, in Luzon, Mindoro, Catanduanes and Masbate Islands. . . . . . . . . . . Barangay Kimlawis, Municipality of Kiblawan, Barangay Guinmaayohan, Municipality of Balangi-. . It is erroneously called 'garter snake' in the Philippines and is the most commonly sold snake as a pet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . abial scale (purplish-gray); preocular scale (green); nspo = nasal suture posterior origin scale. Nasal scales not fused to internasal scales; dorsal surface of body uniformly colored above, 3a. . . . . . . . . . . . 2011; Savage 1950; T, scanned and arranged into figures using Adobe Photoshop CC v20.0.5 and. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contributions to a review of Philippine snakes. . . . . . . . . . . . 36A), 5b. . . . . . . Number of pairs of subcaudal scales 2325 (males), 1620 (females), 5a. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6b. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2b. . 18, . . . . . Parietal scales not in contact with supralabial scales (Fig. . . . . comments on the zoogeography of Mindanao Island. . . . . . . Internasal scales absent, nasal scales in contact with each other medially; width of ventral body, 2a. . . 1a. . . . . . . . . . . . Single median scale situated on the front of the lower jaw, bordered on both sides. . . . . . . . 30, . . . . . . 20A), 5b. . . . . . . . . . . . 5, . . . . . Key to species reported from or likely to occur in marine waters in the Philippines. . . . In the analysis of toxic substances, the most commonly used value is LD 50 (median lethal dose). . . . . . . Labo, Municipality of, Labo, Camarines Norte Province, Luzon Island, Philip-, Culasi, Antique Province, Panay Island, Philippines, zaga, Cagayan Province, Luzon Island, Philippines, Maestro de Campo Island, Romblon Province, Philippines, Palawan Island, Palawan Province, Philippines. . . . . . One similar species, Dryophiops rubescens exists in Thailand and Malaysia . Our results highlight the need for future work on Samar and Leyte Islands, which have received relatively little attention from systematists, in part because of a prevailing biogeographic paradigm that predicted (not necessarily correctly) that these islands would simply have a nested faunal subset of the Mindanao faunal region land vertebrates. . . . 7, . . . . . . . . . . . . *Dog-faced water snake *more or less 4ft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hrn. . . . Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), 10th Siargao International Game Fishing Tournament, Ordering Machetes at the Village Blacksmith Shop, A Juvenile Rufous-fronted Tailorbird Learning to Fly, A Nocturnal Folivore; The Philippine Flying Lemur. . . archipelagos diverse and fascinating snake fauna. . . . . . 2, posteriorly; 162178 ventral body scales, 1a. . . . . . . . . . . . (Gmelin, 1789) complex 2. the eastern forms (Serpentes: Colubridae). . . . . . . . . . . . Our results support the prevailing view that most dispersal events are downstream-from continents to oceanic islands-but we also identify a role for upstream dispersal from oceanic islands to continents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41A); number of ventral body scales + subcaudal scales 211216, 5b. . . Precloacal scale not divided; 2 preocular scales, 1b. . 2011). . . . . . . . . . Occasionally, set thereof, could be distinguished only by geography, and in such cases it may be dif, impossible to recognize additional range extensions or identify extralimital geographic records, without additional information such as genetic data. . . . Barangay Salvacion, Municipality of Bulusan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, . . . . . . . . . . . . Our analyses resulted in new topologies at higher- and lower-levels; resolved several previous topological issues; established novel paraphyletic affiliations; designated a new subfamily, Ahaetuliinae, for the genera Ahaetulla, Chrysopelea, Dendrelaphis, and Dryophiops; and appointed Hemerophis (Coluber) zebrinus to a new genus, Mopanveldophis. If divided, the scale anterior to the suture is called the prenasal scale. . . Interspaces between black transverse dorsal bands thin, less than two scale rows wide. . . . . . ies; and KUs IACUC animal care facility approved protocols for our handling of live animals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Either of a pair of large scales on the head, immediately behind the frontal scale and. . . . 2b. The anterior part of the head, which includes the nostrils. . . . . . Parietal scales (reddish brown); black arrows point to posterior margin of parietal scale, showing unnotched pari-. . . . Dorsal surface behind head has 26 dark, black-edged crossbands, 5b. . . . . . . All figure content in this area was uploaded by Jeffrey Weinell, Illustrated Key to the Snakes of the Philippines, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, California 941, Introduction . . 25, . . . . . . . . . . 2. . . . . . . . . . . Reproduction. . Having excessive pigmentation or blackening of the skin or other tissues. . . . . . . Rostral scale fragmented into four or five smaller scales (Fig. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6, . . . . ): Conservation implications for the worlds most traded snake species, The amphibians and reptiles of Mindanao Island, southern Philippines, II: The herpetofauna of northeast Mindanao and adjacent islands, A Species-Level Phylogeny of Extant Snakes with Description of a New Colubrid Subfamily and Genus, Contributions to a review of Philippine snakes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9b. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43BD), 1b. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Our results suggest that trophic specialization to particular burrowing prey (eels) has invoked strong selective pressures that manifest as predictable and rapid morphological changes.